1. Prepare the Beans

1. Rinse the dried navy beans under cold water and remove any debris.
2. Place beans in a large bowl, cover with 6 cups of water, and soak overnight.
3. Drain and rinse the soaked beans.

2. Cook the Beans

1. Transfer beans to a pot and cover with fresh water (about 2 inches above the beans).
2. Bring to a gentle boil, then reduce heat and simmer for about 1 hour, or until beans are tender.
3. Add salt in the last 10 minutes of cooking.
4. Drain the beans, reserving 1 cup of the cooking liquid.

3. Prepare the Flavor Base

1. In a skillet, cook the chopped bacon until crispy.
2. Add the chopped onion (if using) and sauté until softened.
3. Stir in the brown sugar and bay leaf, allowing the flavors to combine.

4. Bake the Beans

1. Preheat the oven to 300°F (150°C).
2. In a baking dish or Dutch oven, mix the cooked beans, bacon mixture, and reserved cooking liquid.
3. Cover and bake for 3-4 hours, stirring occasionally. Add water if beans look dry.
4. Uncover for the last hour for a rich, caramelized top layer.

5. Serve and Enjoy

• Remove the bay leaf, let the beans sit for a few minutes, then serve warm.
• Enjoy as a side dish, a hearty meal, or paired with grilled meats.